As Good Samaritans we must make a decision to care for the sick.
In order to do so we must first learn about what deadly diseases are killing people around the world.
We'd like to introduce you to "The Fatal Four."
1. CHOLERA
Agent: bacterium (Vibrio cholera)
First Recorded: 1563
Region: Africa, Asia, and Latin America
Symptoms: falling temperature and blood pressure; vomiting/rapid dehydration; organ failure; stomach cramps; severe diarrhea; leg cramps
Treatment: (clean) fluids and salt intake, or "oral rehydration therapy;" some antibiotics; some vaccines
2. HIV and AIDS
Agent: virus (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
First Recorded: 1959
Region: global
Symptoms: weekend immune system leading to infection with other diseases, especially tuberculosis
Treatment: ARV cocktail, or "highly active antiretroviral therapy" including three or more drugs ingested at a time
3. MALARIA
Agent: protozoan and mosquito (Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium malariae)
First Recorded: antiquity
Region: tropics and subtropics
Symptoms: fever; chills; headache; fatigue; possible vomiting; possible nausea; possible diarrhea
Treatment: so far, no vaccine has been developed, and parasites are good at becoming resistant to drugs; prevention is proving the greatest weapon and centers on insecticide-treated bed nets
4. TUBERCULOSIS (TB)
Agent: bacterium (Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex)
First Recorded: antiquity
Region: global
Symptoms: fever; fatigue; possible facial scarring; coughing; deterioration of lungs; chest pain; appetite loss; weight loss; possible stomach, bladder, and kidney problems; general muscle wastage
Treatment: combination of antibiotics for at least a six-month period
(From Dr. Peter Moore, The Little Book of Pandemics, London: Elwin Street Limited, 2007)